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Labour Law | Trade Union Act | MCQ Quiz with Answers | Test Your Legal Knowledge

BySridhar Insights October 9, 2026October 9, 2026

Labour Law MCQ Quiz – Trade Union Act

Labour Law MCQ Quiz – Trade Union Act, 1926 (1–50)

(1). [AIBE 2021] The foundational ILO maxim established in the Declaration of Philadelphia is:

[A]. Labour is property
[B]. Labour is not a commodity
[C]. Labour is a fundamental duty
[D]. Labour is governed by contract only

(2). During the Industrial Revolution, the state’s policy of non-interference in the relationship between employers and workers was known as:

[A]. Welfare State
[B]. Laissez-Faire
[C]. Socialism
[D]. Dictatorship

(3). [CLAT-PG 2019] The Tolpuddle Martyrs (1834) incident, which played a crucial role in the history of trade unionism, occurred in:

[A]. India
[B]. USA
[C]. United Kingdom
[D]. France

(4). Who among the following founded the Madras Labour Union in 1918, widely considered the first organized trade union in India?

[A]. Mahatma Gandhi
[B]. N.M. Joshi
[C]. B.P. Wadia
[D]. Lala Lajpat Rai

(5). [AIBE 2023] The outrage over the civil injunction granted against union leaders in which famous case accelerated the passing of the Trade Union Act in India?

[A]. Rohtas Industries Case
[B]. Buckingham & Carnatic Mills Case (1920)
[C]. Jay Engineering Works Case
[D]. Bangalore Water Supply Case

(6). The Trade Union Act was passed in India in the year:

[A]. 1920
[B]. 1926
[C]. 1947
[D]. 1950

(7). [CLAT-PG 2020] Under Section 2(h) of the Trade Union Act, 1926, the definition of “Trade Union” includes an association of:

[A]. Workmen and Workmen
[B]. Workmen and Employers
[C]. Employers and Employers
[D]. All of the above

(8). To apply for registration, what is the absolute minimum number of members required to sign the application?

[A]. 2
[B]. 5
[C]. 7
[D]. 10

(9). [AIBE 2018] Following the 2001 Amendment, a trade union shall not be registered unless at least ____________ of the workmen engaged in the establishment are its members.

[A]. 5% or 50, whichever is less
[B]. 10% or 100, whichever is less
[C]. 20% or 200, whichever is less
[D]. 51%

(10). The document issued by the Registrar which is conclusive evidence that a Trade Union has been duly registered is the:

[A]. Memorandum of Association
[B]. Charter of Demands
[C]. Certificate of Registration (Section 9)
[D]. License to Strike

(11). [CLAT-PG 2022] Which of the following is NOT an effect of registration under Section 13 of the Act?

[A]. The union becomes a body corporate.
[B]. The union gets perpetual succession and a common seal.
[C]. The union leaders are immune from all criminal acts including murder.
[D]. The union can hold and acquire property in its own name.

(12). Under Section 10, the Registrar can cancel the registration of a Trade Union if the certificate was obtained by:

[A]. Fraud or mistake
[B]. Paying a fee
[C]. Peaceful strikes
[D]. Approaching the High Court

(13). [AIBE 2019] Section 15 of the Trade Union Act deals with:

[A]. Political Fund
[B]. General Fund
[C]. Strike Fund
[D]. Dissolution

(14). Can the General Fund of a registered Trade Union be used to fund the election campaign of a political candidate?

[A]. Yes, absolutely
[B]. No, it is strictly prohibited. Political activities require a separate Political Fund (Section 16).
[C]. Yes, if 51% of members agree
[D]. Only during general elections

(15). [CLAT-PG 2021] Contribution to the Political Fund of a registered Trade Union is:

[A]. Mandatory for all members
[B]. Voluntary; no member can be compelled to contribute
[C]. Deducted directly by the employer
[D]. Mandated by the Registrar

(16). Section 17 of the Act protects office-bearers of a registered trade union from criminal liability regarding:

[A]. Sedition
[B]. Defamation
[C]. Criminal conspiracy (Sec 120B IPC) to further the legal objects of the union
[D]. Destruction of property

(17). [AIBE 2022] Does Section 17 provide immunity to union members if they conspire to commit violence or sabotage during a strike?

[A]. Yes, all acts during a strike are protected.
[B]. No, immunity does not extend to agreements to commit actual offenses/violence.
[C]. Yes, if the strike is legal.
[D]. Yes, if the employer was paying below minimum wage.

(18). Section 18 provides immunity to registered trade unions against:

[A]. Criminal prosecution
[B]. Civil suits for tortious acts like inducing a breach of contract in furtherance of a trade dispute
[C]. Tax liabilities
[D]. Environmental violations

(19). [CLAT-PG 2018] In the landmark case of Rohtas Industries Ltd. v. Rohtas Industries Staff Union, the Supreme Court held that:

[A]. Employers can claim civil damages for financial loss caused by an illegal strike.
[B]. Employers CANNOT claim civil damages from the union for financial loss caused by a strike due to statutory immunities.
[C]. Strikes are completely illegal in India.
[D]. Union leaders must pay for lost production.

(20). The tactic of physically surrounding managers and wrongfully confining them until demands are met is known as:

[A]. Picketing
[B]. Boycott
[C]. Gherao
[D]. Lockout

(21). [AIBE 2023] In Jay Engineering Works v. State of West Bengal, the High Court ruled that Gherao is:

[A]. A legitimate weapon of collective bargaining
[B]. A criminal offense (wrongful confinement) unprotected by Section 17 or 18
[C]. Protected under the Constitution
[D]. A civil tort only

(22). Section 19 of the Trade Union Act provides that an agreement between the members of a registered trade union shall not be void merely because its objects are:

[A]. In restraint of trade
[B]. Immoral
[C]. Unconstitutional
[D]. Fraudulent

(23). [CLAT-PG 2019] An unregistered trade union:

[A]. Enjoys the same immunities as a registered one
[B]. Is a body corporate
[C]. Is an unincorporated association with no statutory immunities and cannot sue in its own name
[D]. Cannot go on strike

(24). To change the name of a registered Trade Union (Section 23), the consent of not less than ____________ of the total number of members is required.

[A]. One-half
[B]. Two-thirds
[C]. Three-fourths
[D]. 100%

(25). [AIBE 2020] For the amalgamation of two or more registered trade unions, what percentage of members of each union must record their votes?

[A]. At least 25%
[B]. At least 50%
[C]. At least 60%
[D]. At least 75%

(26). Out of the votes recorded during an amalgamation vote, what percentage must be in favor of the amalgamation?

[A]. 50%
[B]. 60%
[C]. 75%
[D]. 90%

(27). [CLAT-PG 2022] A notice of dissolution of a trade union must be signed by the Secretary and how many members?

[A]. 2
[B]. 5
[C]. 7
[D]. 10

(28). Within how many days must the notice of dissolution be sent to the Registrar?

[A]. 7 days
[B]. 14 days
[C]. 30 days
[D]. 60 days

(29). [AIBE 2018] If the rules of a dissolving trade union do not specify how to distribute its funds, who decides the proportional distribution among members?

[A]. The Employer
[B]. The Registrar of Trade Unions
[C]. The High Court
[D]. The State Government

(30). Can a minor be a member of a registered Trade Union?

[A]. Yes, any person above 15 years can be a member (Section 21) unless rules specify otherwise.
[B]. No, a minor cannot enter contracts.
[C]. Only with parental consent.
[D]. Only if they are an orphan.

(31). [CLAT-PG 2021] Can a minor be chosen as an office-bearer (e.g., President or Secretary) of a Trade Union?

[A]. Yes
[B]. No, a person must have attained 18 years to be an office-bearer (Section 21A).
[C]. Yes, if approved by the Registrar.
[D]. Yes, for student unions only.

(32). What is the minimum proportion of office-bearers in a registered trade union who must be persons actually engaged or employed in the industry with which the union is connected?

[A]. One-fourth
[B]. One-half (50%)
[C]. Three-fourths
[D]. 100%

(33). [AIBE 2019] The provision requiring 50% of office bearers to be actually employed in the industry is designed to:

[A]. Increase union fees
[B]. Prevent complete takeover of unions by external politicians/outsiders
[C]. Stop strikes
[D]. Improve literacy

(34). The Constitution of India guarantees the fundamental right to “form associations or unions” under Article:

[A]. 14
[B]. 19(1)(c)
[C]. 21
[D]. 32

(35). [CLAT-PG 2023] Does the fundamental right to form a union under Article 19(1)(c) carry with it a fundamental right to strike?

[A]. Yes, it is absolute.
[B]. No, the right to strike is a statutory right, not a fundamental right (e.g., All India Bank Employees’ Association v. National Industrial Tribunal).
[C]. Yes, but only for public sectors.
[D]. Yes, guaranteed by the UN.

(36). Every registered trade union must submit audited general statements (Annual Returns) to the Registrar:

[A]. Monthly
[B]. Annually (Section 28)
[C]. Once in 5 years
[D]. Never

(37). [AIBE 2021] If a trade union fails to submit its annual returns, the legal consequence is:

[A]. The members are jailed.
[B]. It attracts a monetary penalty and risks cancellation of its registration.
[C]. The employer can fire all workers.
[D]. The union becomes a political party.

(38). Which of the following activities is purely a legitimate trade union activity?

[A]. Peaceful picketing to persuade workers not to work
[B]. Threatening non-striking workers with physical harm
[C]. Destroying factory machinery
[D]. Locking up the CEO

(39). [CLAT-PG 2020] A “Trade Dispute” under the Act includes disputes connected with:

[A]. The employment or non-employment of any person
[B]. The terms of employment
[C]. The conditions of labour
[D]. All of the above

(40). The Trade Union Act, 1926 is heavily based on which English legislation?

[A]. The Combination Acts
[B]. The British Trade Union Act of 1871 and 1906
[C]. The Magna Carta
[D]. The English Bill of Rights

(41). [AIBE 2017] Before the 1926 Act, Indian courts applied the English common law doctrine of ____________ to suppress strikes.

[A]. Constructive trust
[B]. Criminal and Civil Conspiracy
[C]. Promissory Estoppel
[D]. Res Judicata

(42). Who among the following is not included in the definition of “workmen” under the Trade Union Act?

[A]. Persons employed in the specific industry
[B]. Persons employed in a different industry but participating in the union
[C]. Independent external politicians (as pure workmen)
[D]. Both (a) and (b) are considered workmen under the broad definition of Sec 2(g). (Correct answer is c)

(43). [CLAT-PG 2019] If the Registrar refuses to register a Trade Union, the aggrieved union can appeal to:

[A]. The Prime Minister
[B]. The Civil Court / High Court (depending on jurisdiction, Sec 11)
[C]. The Employer
[D]. The Police

(44). The ILO motto “Labour is not a commodity” aims to shift the legal paradigm from:

[A]. Welfare to Capitalism
[B]. Laissez-Faire contract law to Human Rights and Social Justice
[C]. Democracy to Monarchy
[D]. Trade unions to individual contracts

(45). [AIBE 2022] If a union leader persuades suppliers to break their contracts with the employer during a strike, is the leader liable for the tort of inducing breach of contract?

[A]. Yes, full damages must be paid.
[B]. No, they are protected by Civil Immunity under Section 18.
[C]. Yes, under the IPC.
[D]. Only if the supplier goes bankrupt.

(46). To maintain registration post-2001, a union must at all times have how many members?

[A]. 100% of the workforce
[B]. 10% or 100 of the workmen, subject to a minimum of 7
[C]. 50 workmen
[D]. 10 workmen

(47). [CLAT-PG 2021] The All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC) was formed in the year:

[A]. 1890
[B]. 1918
[C]. 1920
[D]. 1947

(48). A combination of employers formed to regulate relations between employers and workmen, or to impose restrictive conditions on trade, is:

[A]. An illegal cartel
[B]. Fully eligible to be registered as a Trade Union under Section 2(h)
[C]. A purely political party
[D]. A government department

(49). [AIBE 2023] The overarching purpose of Unit I’s focus on the Trade Union Act is to demonstrate that:

[A]. Employers have absolute power over workers.
[B]. The law provides a structured, immune, and corporate framework for collective bargaining to balance power between capital and labour.
[C]. Strikes are illegal.
[D]. Unions are above the Constitution.

(50). The synergy between Section 17 (Criminal Immunity) and Section 18 (Civil Immunity) acts as a:

[A]. License to commit violence
[B]. Statutory shield protecting peaceful collective action and bargaining from common law suppression
[C]. Tax exemption
[D]. Corporate subsidy

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